鋁合金的碳足跡計算主要依賴於其生產過程中的各個階段，包括原材料的提取、加工和製造。以下是計算鋁合金碳足跡的主要方法和步驟：
碳足跡計算方法
- 基線排放量計算
基線排放量（Baseline Emission）通常以原鋁為基準進行計算，這是因為原鋁的生產過程中排放的二氧化碳量相對較高。根據研究，每生產一噸原鋁，平均排放約16.5噸CO2。 - 使用生命週期評估（LCA）方法
透過生命週期評估方法，可以全面分析產品從原材料提取到最終處置的整個過程中所產生的碳排放。這包括：- 原材料階段：如鋁土礦的開採和氧化鋁的生產。
- 製造階段：如熔化、鑄造及加工過程中的能源消耗。
- 運輸階段：原材料和成品的運輸所產生的排放。
- 排放係數
每種材料和工藝都有其特定的排放係數（Emission Factor），這些係數用於計算在特定條件下每公噸產品所產生的二氧化碳當量。例如，根據某研究，1050H16鋁合金產品的碳排放量為7.116 kg CO2e/公斤，其中原物料階段佔90.06%。 - 專案排放計算
在回收和加工過程中，還需考慮專案排放，包括使用能源（如天然氣）所產生的直接排放。根據報告，鑄造過程中天然氣燃燒所產生的碳排放量可占整體直接碳排放的80%5。
實際案例
例如，根據某鋁業公司的研究，若以回收鋁為原料，其每公斤產品的碳排放量僅為0.0381 kg CO2e，相較於使用原鋁製造時的0.151 kg CO2e，顯示出明顯的減排效果4。
結論
總結來說，鋁合金的碳足跡計算涉及多個環節與因素，包括基線排放、生命週期評估、專案排放及具體的排放係數。透過這些方法，可以更準確地評估鋁合金產品在整個生產過程中的環境影響。
延伸閱讀：
鋁產業碳排放 https://www.reccessary.com/zh-tw/reccpedia/industry/carbon-emissions-from-the-aluminum-industry
生命週期評估https://www.idbcfp.org.tw/ViewData.aspx?nnid=203
1050H16鋁合金產品碳足跡評估之研究-以某鋁業公司為例 https://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id%3D%22104NKNU0163026%22.&searchmode=basic
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